Saturday, 28 January 2012

Jewish boxing in the East End

Jack 'Kid' Berg
http://www.thesweetscience.com/columnists/joe-rein/1696-jack-kid-berg-this-is-the-guy

from http://www.stgite.org.uk/media/cablestreet.html
Jewish Boxers: Ted 'Kid' Lewis aka 'The Aldgate Sphinx' and 'The Yiddisher Wonderman' & Jack(ie) Kid Berg - aka 'Yiddle' and 'The Whitechapel Windmill'
Boxing was one of the few possible routes to fame for deprived urban boys, and a channel for the energies of Jewish lads, drawn by anti-Semitic taunts into street fighting. 
Ted 'Kid' Lewis, born Gershon Mendeloff to Russian parents in Umberston Street [which remains] in 1893, was encouraged by a local policeman to take up training at the Judean Soul and Athletic (Temperance) Club at 54-56 Prince's Square. By 18, he was fighting at Premierland in Backchurch Lane (where other Jewish boxers began their careers), Wonderland (off Whitechapel Road) and the Ring at Blackfriars; he became British flyweight champion in 1913 (winning the Lonsdale Belt), world welterweight champion in 1915, and British and European middleweight champion in 1921, and retired in 1929. Despite earning an estimated $500,000 in the USA, he was generous and a gambler, so in 1931 he accepted a job as Oswald Mosley's physical youth training instructor at £60pw, recruiting local thugs as 'Biff Boys' - Mosley's bodyguard - until the following year he realised the true, and anti-Semitic, nature of Mosley's politics, and resigned, knocking Mosley and a couple of his henchmen across the room. More details here, and in his film producer son Morton Lewis' biography Ted Kid Lewis: His Life and Times (Robson 1990). From 1966 until his death four years later Lewis lived at Nightingale House, the Jewish residential and nursing home in Wandsworth Common (where his blue plaque is) - this had 19th century roots in Wellclose Square. He was buried at the Jewish Cemetery in East Ham.


Lewis was the role model for Jack 'Kid' Berg, born Judah Bergman in 1909 above a fish shop in Christian Street, off Cable Street. He was apprenticed as a lather boy in a barber's shop, trained at the Oxford and St George's Club on Betts Street and began his at Premierland in when he was 14. He fought his first professional bout the following year. He first boxed in the USA in 1928, and was World Junior Welterweight Champion in 1930 - knocking out a fellow-Jewish boxer at the Albert Hall. He lost the title the following year, but became British lightweight champion in 1934 (again defeating a fellow-Jew, Harry Mizler). In his career, which lasted until 1945, when he was 36, he won 157 bouts, drew 9 and lost 26, making him statistically the most successful world champion Britain ever produced (today he would have been a 'superstar'). 
Though from an Orthodox Jewish family (his parents were emigrants from Odessa and originally opposed his career as a sell-out to goyische midos, or heathen morals), he was not observant, but boxed with a Star of David on his trunks, and put on tefillin before his fights, partly to court the Jewish punters - especially when he was fighting Italian or Irish-American opponents - and also because he was somewhat superstitious. As one commentator put it, he knew it couldn't hurt to have God on your side. 
His biography The Whitechapel Windmill (Robson 1987)which he wrote with John Harding, chronicles his rise to fameand his flamboyant lifestyle, said to have included a fling with Mae West. During and after his boxing career, he appeared in films - a British silent film Sporting Life in the 1920s, Money Talks (1933) and The Square Ring (1953) - and was a stuntman in Hollywood and for a Carry On film. A long-term friend was the Jewish East End gangster Jack Spot. In later life he was a familiar figure at the ringside and around London in his red car.  His cousin Howard Frederics wrote an opera about his life, also called The Whitechapel Windmill, which was performed in 2005 under the sponsorship of the Jewish East End Celebration Society.The blue plaque on Noble Court, Cable Street, near Jack's birthplace, was unveiled at a ceremony with the Chief Rabbi, the Bishop of Stepney (Richard Chartres, now Bishop of London), Professor Bill Fishman, Councillor Albert Lille and the Retired Boxers Federation, followed by a charity ball which raised over £1000.
Elliott Tucker's 2007 film Ghetto Warriors (viewable online) tells the tale of the phenomenon of  the Jewish boxers of the East End. Other Jewish boxing clubs in the area were Oxford and St George's and 'The Hutch'.

'The Hutch'

In 1872 a Jewish Working Men's Club & Lads' Institute had been founded by the Jewish Association for the Diffusion of Religious Knowledge, with a reading room and lecture hall at Hutchison House, Hutchison Street, Aldgate; Samuel Montagu was President. Becoming independent two years later, they added a library, games, entertainments and other club features for 400 members of both sexes. In 1883, a purpose-built club for 1,500 was built in Great Alie Street, with a Lads' Institute for boys between 14 and 20. Membership continued to increase; the Lads' Institute returned to Hutchison Street, and in 1892 the Great Alie Street premises were enlarged at a cost of £4,000. By 1905 there were 975 members, and the Hutchison House Clubwas created by the Rothschild family in conjunction with Max Bonn (1877-1938, an American-born merchant banker, later Sir Max Bonn KBE) and Frank Goldsmith MP, based at Camperdown House, in Half Moon Passage. (In 1915 they offered these premises to the government for war work; in the 1920s, social work conferences were held here.)  
It thus became one of several local agencies committed to encouraging young people to combine loyalty to faith and citizenship - see below for another example - particularly through sport ('the sunshine of manly sports and pastimes'). It was also the HQ of the Jewish Lads' and Girls' Brigade (in some rivalry with Jewish scout troops). When the club closed, administrative activities transferred to north London; in more recent times, it has funded a London University research fellowship: see Sharman Kadish A Good Jew and a Good Englishman (Vallentine Mitchell 1995). Pictured is present-day Camperdown House, an office block at 6 Braham Street.

Premierland / Wonderland

The People's Arcade was built at the top of Backchurch Lane around 1906 on the site of a former fish market, and was a centre of immigrant life and activity. When licensed in 1910, it had a seating capacity of 748. In 1918 it showed a Yiddish version of a silent film about the Russian Revolution, Di Royz fun Blut (The Rose of Blood); the film is presumed lost, but as one reviewer said, Theda Bara played a spy who wrecks hearts, railroad trains, slays one after another and concludes the fifth reel by blowing up the peace cabinet, which includes her husband.
Early on it was renamed Premierland, and it incorporated a boxing ring, where many East End boxers began their careers, many of them Jewish (among them Jack 'Kid' Berg). It was dilapidated by the 1930s - by when most boxing venues had become grander in style and scale. In the 1960s, a New Premierland boxing venue was based at Poplar Baths. The old building became a warehouse.





http://cinematreasures.org/theaters/31503



photo

Wonderland 100 Whitechapel Road

Wonderland was built in 1880 on the site of the New London Theatre, which had burnt down the year before. The architect was a Mr Hudson. Originally a theatre for Yiddish plays. It was used as a cinema for several years until about 1916 when it became a drill and boxing hall. It was destroyed by fire and the 'Rivoli' was built on the site.


Oxford & St George's Club

Basil Henriques founded the Oxford & St George's Club in Cannon Street Road in 1914, a few months before the start of the First World War. Its name came from Henriques's university, Oxford, and from the area in the East End where it was situated, the parish of St George's.
Oxford & St George's began as a boys' club, but Rose Loewe, one of the club helpers, soon became director of a new club for girls. In 1917 Rose married Basil Henriques, and in 1919 they founded the St George's Jewish Settlement. The Settlement, in Betts Street, housed both the boys' and girls' clubs, and Basil and Rose Henriques lived on the premises. They were affectionately known as 'The Gaffer' and 'The Missus'.
The clubs provided social and educational activities such as sport, drama, ballet, and first aid classes, and held annual summer camps, which gave many children their only opportunities to go on holiday.
In 1929, the Oxford and St George's clubs moved to a former school building in Berner Street (now Henriques Street), Whitechapel. The move was funded by Bernhard Baron, a cigarette manufacturer, and on 9 April 1929 the new institution formally opened as the Bernhard Baron Settlement. It catered for Jewish needs from the cradle to the grave, providing amongst other things a clinic for expectant mothers, a kindergarten, youth clubs, religion classes, adult activities, free legal advice and a burial scheme.
In 1973 when the clubs moved to Totteridge in north London and became a youth and community centre, the settlement was sold. This reflected a wider demographic change in London's Jewish community. Most Jewish people had moved away from the East End after the Second World War, into Hackney and then eventually further north into suburbs such as Edgware and Golders Green.



'Ghetto Warriors' The phenomenon of East End Jewish Boxers (Elliot Tucker, 2007)




http://elliotttucker.com/page12.htm


http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TCF36yKvisI&feature=player_embedded
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pn1SUy2Y6_c&feature=related



Back to Saarf.. Thomas A'Beckett history
http://www.mysteriousbritain.co.uk/england/greater-london/hauntings/the-thomas-a-beckett-public-house.html
http://www.southlondonguide.co.uk/bermondsey/thomasabecket.htm
http://www.noliasgallery.com/nolias_about.htm
Currently
http://www.viewlondon.co.uk/pubsandbars/thomas-a-becket-gallery-271301.html

Wednesday, 21 September 2011

Sarf Laandan

72 Blackfriars Road, London, SE1 8HA
The Local Pub
The Ring is a local pub with a strong emphasis on boxing. The public house is run by an ex-army boxing champion and, on the first floor, a few pieces of equipment form a rudimentary gymnasium where local young hopefuls train and spar. To add even more colour, the walls of the pub are decorated with framed pictures of former boxing greats of a bygone era: ‘Bombardier’ Billy Wells, ‘Seaman’ Tommy Watson and ‘The Great’ Tommy Farr.

The Blackfriars' Ring partly destroyed by a bomb October 1940
The Ring, now completely destroyed and ready for demolition. March 1941.

The Chapel: ‘Reverend Rowland Hill’
The significance of pugilism becomes evident when the history of the location diagonally opposite from the pub is known. From 1910-1942 the site across the road was the famous (and notorious) Blackfriars Ring, London’s premier boxing arena. However, even before that, the very same octagonal building had, for almost a century, been the Surrey Chapel. The Surrey Chapel was built in 1782 for the use of the brilliant church orator, Reverend Rowland Hill (1744-1833). The unusual octagonal design came from Hill’s own specifications, ‘for it prevented the devil hiding in any of the corners.’. Reverend Hill was popular with his congregation and, on the occasion of his death, contributions from his followers were used to fund the building of Christ Church in Westminster Bridge Road as a memorial. By 1876, however, the congregation had dispersed to the other churches in Lambeth and the building was used only for illegal cockfighting (which eventually led to its closure in 1881).
The Arena: ‘Bella Of Blackfriars’
In 1910, Bella Burge and her husband, the ex-prize fighter Dick Burge, acquired the lease for the Surrey Chapel, believing it would make the ideal boxing ring (their project had been delayed for some years due to Dick Burge’s unforeseen incarceration for large-scale fraud). However, in May 1910, the Surrey Chapel was reincarnated as The Ring, the first indoor boxing arena for the working classes. It was Bella Burge (a.k.a. ‘Bella of Blackfriars’) that first broke the taboo of women attending bouts in 1914 and her actress friends were among the first to become regular female denizens of The Ring’s matches. In 1918, Dick Burge died and Bella took over the management of The Ring (including personally breaking up fights and throwing out troublemakers). By the 1930’s however, the boxing business was taking heavy punches and Bella opted to put on variety shows to keep it standing, even pawning her jewellery for fighters wages, so that The Ring could make the last few rounds. In 1942, the final blow came when a bombing raid demolished the octagonal structure, a permanent knockout for a building that had lasted since 1782. A plaque now marks its former position and its memory.


THE 'BELLA OF BLACKFRIARS' WHO BROUGHT BOXING TO THE MASSES 
John Prendergast, Southwark News, 17/03/08 
(Their proofreader needs shooting)

At the Silver Jubilee of the Ring in 1935, Bella linked arms with the Master of Ceremonies Patsy Hagate and gave an impromptu dancing routine
David Haye destroyed his Welsh opponent at the weekend and looks set to add to the illustrious history of boxers from the borough.
But one thing the scramble for tickets proved was you had to be in the know to get one, or have a big wedge of cash in your pocket to view one of Bermondsey's finest take part in a career defining event.
Promoters such as Frank Warren or Frank Maloney could learn a trick or two from a women who brought boxing to the masses, ensuring the common man was never priced out of an event, all during a time when the female of the species would never be seen at entering a night of boxing never mind promoting an event.

Bella Burge, know as 'Bella of Blackfriars', was born in New York in 1877, but following the death of her Father when she was only four her mother took her to London to bring her up.
Before she turned to a career in the noble art Bella developed a love for the stage, and she built a highly successful career which included tours of South Africa and appearances all over the UK.

It was at a show in 1901 when her life defining moment happened, she appeared on a bill with a boxer Dick Burge who made stage appearances to supplement his boxing work. They fell in love and were married by October of that year. The marriage hit hard times early on as Dick was arrested for a bank fraud involving £169,000, and was sent down for ten years for one of the biggest crimes of its types ever known.

She stood by her man while incarcerated, throwing herself into to her stage career while he was away, but on his release in 1909 they had to come to a decision as to what to do, as being 44 Dick's boxing days were clearly behind him.

He did want to make a comeback but the redoubtable Bella put her foot down, and insisted if he was to be involved in boxing he would only be a promoter.
They decided to set up their own venue with the aim of putting on bills for all to watch, or in her own words: "Our place would be no place for Nobs Dick, our patrons belong to the cloth cap and muffler brigade."
That was the ethos, the nobs had plenty of shows but the working class could not afford to go despite the fighters often coming from poorer backgrounds. The venue they selected was along Blackfriars Road and was built originally as the Surrey Chapel.

By the time they say the peculiar shaped circular building it was dilapidated, but the Burge's saw past that and viewed it as the perfect venue for their fights as a boxing ring would fit in well there. After negotiating a lease they had to clean the site of rubble, and Bella came up with the idea of using an army of down and outs to do the work in return for a decent feed.
The scheme was effective as The Ring staged its first bouts on May 14, 1910. Business was not brisk but to attract people to the venue they ran a soup kitchen that slowly built up awareness of the new venue, by October of the same year it was so high the money was rolling in on a regular basis.

Dick volunteered for the a Sportman's Battalion at the start of World War I, but the efforts of this took their toll on him and he died from double pneumonia in 1918. This was a major test of the resolve of Bella, as she promised her husband on his death bed that she would not close The Ring and carry on promoting events herself.
For a woman to take on the male dominated world of boxing was extraordinary, in the world outside women over 30 had only just gained the vote, but within the macho world of boxing women watching fights was sneered at never mind promoting whole bills.

But one thing she learnt from Dick was the boxers knack of getting to the punch first, and stamping your authority on a situations. On the first night she promoted an event after Dicks death, she stood in the ring in front of a baying all male crowd and repeated the promises she made to her husband, that being The Ring would continue under her guidance.
The tumultuous applause she received was said to be the basis of her future drive, and of her no nonsense approach. She got her hands dirty, when there was fights in the crowd she would personally confront the individual telling them to get out and get a refund on the way out. The warning would be issued to those around the fight in case they were in any doubt who was running the show.

Bills were successful for a while but one 'Nob' did gain entry in 1928, as the Prince of Wales made a visit for the night. The venue had put on 25 years of shows when it celebrated it Silver Jubilee in 1935 but hard times were around the corner.
By 1939 the money coming in did not cover the boxing purses or staff wages and she pawned most of her valuable to keep the place alive as long as she could. The Ring closed in the same year for refurbishments and to take stock, but a German bomber put an end to all dreams after a direct hit in 1940 turned the site into rubble.

She eased into a quieter life after this but her achievements were celebrated in an episode of This is Your Life in 1958, with guests from the world of music hall and boxing along to celebrate. She passed away in suddenly in 1962.


Where the boxing venue was is the site of The Ring pub now, and although it may attract a few too many nobs than Bella would like, the multitude of pictures of boxers that adorn the wall are a testament to what once went on there.

Bella of Blackfriars
http://www.hedgerowbooks.com/?page=shop/flypage&wt=1.00&product_id=2857&CLSN_3978=131358952039786f38573c7085517836
Print, etching
http://www.museumoflondon.org.uk/Collections-Research/Research/Your-Research/X20L/objects/record.htm?type=object&id=93921
Print etching: The Audience
Producer: Boreel, Wendela
Date: c. 1910
Accession number: 79.449/3
Measurements: 20.4 x 26.2 cm
French-born Wendela Boreel studied art at London's Slade School under Henry Tonks. She also attended Sickert's evening classes at the Westminster Technical Institute and is regarded as one of his most talented pupils. Boreel was a skilled etcher. Her subject matter included portraits, landscapes, townscapes, and figures. She gave this print an alternative title, inscribing another copy with the words 'My very first etching - The Ring, Blackfriars'. Blackfriars Ring was a popular London boxing arena. Built in 1783, the octagonal building was originally the Surrey Chapel. Former British lightweight champion and boxing promoter Dick Burge bought the disused building in 1910. He and his wife Bella staged many boxing matches there, contestants including well-known fighters such as Len Johnson, Jack Drummond, Alf Mancini, Jack Hood and the legendary Ted 'Kid' Lewis. After Burge's death, Bella managed Blackfriars Ring until it was destroyed during an air raid in 1940. At the end of the 20th century, The Ring public house was all that remained of the historic boxing location.


http://www.artvalue.com/auctionresult--hamnett-nina-1890-1956-united-1-the-old-caf-royal-2-the-ring-1911864.htm

http://www.mutualart.com/Artwork/The-Ring--Blackfriars/CF4D6FE589FD35A8

Monday, 19 September 2011

Research5


File:Phenakistoscope 3g07692u.jpg
File:Phenakistoscope 3g07692b.gif
The Science of Self Defence: A Treatise on Sparring & Wrestling by Edmund Price 1867 http://www.scribd.com/doc/58261091/The-Science-of-Self-Defence-A-Treatise-on-Sparring-and-Wrestling-Edmund-Price-1867
Stance - semi crouch / photographer's stance - both defensive


Front Cover
Boxer : an anthology of writings on boxing and visual culture - David Chandler et al, Institute of International Visual Arts Cambridge, Mass. : MIT Press, 1996 http://books.google.com/books?id=4_EOAQAAMAAJ&source=gbs_ViewAPI

Main image of Fighters (1992)

Fighters (d. Ron Peck, 1991)
http://www.screenonline.org.uk/film/id/548464/




Broken Noses (d. Bruce Weber, 1987)








The Ring (d. Hitchcock, 1927)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yeHMuJ7yJKI
Front Cover


Boxing: A Cultural History - Kasia Boddy, London : Reaktion Books, 2008          

Front Cover


Boxing and Society: an international analysis - John Peter Sugden, Manchester University Press (1996) http://www.amazon.co.uk/Boxing-Society-International-Analysis-Politics/dp/0719043212



Front CoverSport as Symbol: images of the athlete in art, literature & song- Mari Womack, 2003   http://www.amazon.co.uk/Sport-Symbol-Images-Athlete-Literature/dp/0786415797/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1316467325&sr=1-1




Sunday, 18 September 2011

Research4

Billy Wells


Patriarchal clique designed to intimidate / usually fighter is unwitting participant..
Belts & robes / boys' club / Masonic edge to proceedings??
File:Matt Wells (boxer) 2162894353 c63810d2e8 o.jpg

Jim Driscoll
File:Jim Driscoll 1910s.jpg
Digger Stanley
File:Digger Stanley 1920s.jpg
FreddieWelsh
File:FreddieWelshHeadshot1920s.jpg
Tommy Farr
File:Tommyfarr.jpg
Henry Cooper




Research3


Charlie

____________________________

Bull opening sequence

You never got me down Ray
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The Set Up, Robert Wise (1949)

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Bogie

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The Champ, King Vidor (1931)

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Neil Leifer



Dreadnought Returns: USS New Jersey BB62: Mothballs to Vietnam [Hardcover]

Baum Printing House 1969




Dreadnought Farewell; USS New Jersey BB-62 Returns to Mothballs [Hardcover]

Kaye Publications; First edition (1970)

GOAT. Collector's Edition

ISBN: 978-3-8228-1627-1
Hardcover in a clamshell box, 50 x 50 cm (19.7 x 19.7 in.), 792 pages 
£ 2500.00
Angelo Dundee, Howard L. Bingham, Neil Leifer , Hank Kaplan, Leon Gast Taschen  (2004)
NEEDITNEEDIT
"... the biggest, heaviest, most radiant thing ever printed in the history of civilization. 
- Der Spiegel, Hamburg, October 6, 2003 


Radial Champs Jeff Koons (2004) Mixed Media (including GOAT) 
"I wanted to do something without being illustrative. 
I wanted it to show inclusion, transformation and grace."
Righto Jeff.
Jeff Koons, Radial Champs







____________________________

John Shearer


Muhammed Ali training in the mirror


mega_watermark_ugc1179861_post.jpg
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Ken Regan